2 Comments

  1. That’s an interesting statement, Bette. I had a wee think and mostly, yes. But can you think of exceptions? Like a bird doing a broken wing routine, for example. A deliberate deception.

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  2. I think “deliberate deception” requires moral consciousness. I believe creatures other than humans have lots of intelligence, including some emotional intelligence, but I do not believe they have moral consciousness. Nature does what nature does. One creature killing another or deceiving another for survivals sake because that is how they instinctively survive is not a moral issue. A human doing it–even for survival–is a moral issue. I am not comfortable with the notion of a human killing, even in self-defense. It is always a moral issue to me, even though I might ultimately decide it was justified. That is how I see the difference between humans and other creatures. I could be wrong!

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